What is the basic working principle of a three-coordinate measuring machine?
Published Time：
2024-01-04
Any shape is composed of three-dimensional spatial points, and all geometric measurements can be reduced to the measurement of three-dimensional spatial points. Therefore, accurately collecting the coordinates of spatial points is the basis for evaluating any geometric shape.
Any shape is composed of three-dimensional spatial points, and all geometric measurements can be attributed to the measurement of three-dimensional spatial points. Therefore, accurately collecting spatial point coordinates is the basis for evaluating any geometric shape. The basic principle of a three-coordinate measuring machine is to place the part to be measured within its allowable measurement space and accurately measure the numerical values of the three spatial coordinate positions of the points on the surface of the part to be measured. After computer processing of these coordinate values, the points are fitted to form measurement elements such as circles, spheres, cylinders, cones, and curved surfaces. Mathematical calculations are then used to determine the shape, positional tolerance, and other geometric data.
Based on the above principles, a three-coordinate measuring instrument can be defined as a probe that can move in three directions, moving on three mutually perpendicular guides. This probe transmits signals through contact or non-contact methods. The displacement measurement system (such as an optical scale) of the three axes calculates the coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each point on the workpiece and various measurable instruments through a data processor or computer. During the measurement operation, the worker fixes the workpiece to be measured on a special fixture to ensure that the workpiece remains stationary. The sensor of the measuring machine moves flexibly through the three coordinate axis guides, and the probe system rotates to complete the measurement of geometric dimensions and the evaluation of shape and position tolerances by measurement software. Finally, the measurement report and calculated evaluation index values are exported via SPC to monitor the workpiece accuracy.
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